HISTORY OF COMPUTERS

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

Q1. Name the early computer devices and define each.
Ans. Early computing devices are:
a. Abacus
b. Napier's Bones
c. Pascaline
d. Arithmometer
e. Jacquard loom
f. Analytical engine
d. Tabulating machine.

a. ABACUS
It is known to be the first computing device. It is believed to have been developed first in China nearly 5000 years ago.
It comprises a wooden frame with wires and rounded heads

b. NAPIER'S BONES
It was developed by Sir John Napier in around 1616. this device was also used to perfrom multiplication and devision related calculations.
It consisted of rods made of strips of wood that could be enclosed in a a case.

c. PASCALINE
It was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642. It is also called the Arithmetic Machine. Pascal had built this machine to help hsi father in calculations, It was the first mechanical calculator to be invented. This machine could perform only addition and subtraction.

d. ARITHMOMETER
It was built by colmar in 1820. It was the first commercial calculating device. It could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and with some additional efforts division also. It wwas based on Leibniz's technology and was extremely popular. this calculator was large enough to cover a desktop.

e. JACQUARD LOOM
It was discovered by Joseph Marie jacquard in 1801. It is consisted of a chain of punched cards. the cards were kept together in a continuous sequence with a lace. Multiple holes are punched on each card. It simplified the manufacturing of textiles with complex patterns.

f. ANALYTICAL ENGINE
It was developed by Charles Babage in the 19th century. This machine could perform any calculation seet before it.
The four components present in his engine form important parts of the modern day computers also. The engine consisted of input, storage, processing and output devices..
This machine could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

e. TABULATING MACHINE
Herman Hollerith, and American inventor, created the tabulating machine. This machine is considered to be the earlier version of the electronic computer. It consisted of punched cards and metal rods. This invention helped the United States government to complete the American population counting (census) in much lesser time and sava a huge sumof money.

VIDEO